Treatment of textile yarns and filaments



TREATMENT OF TEXTILE YARNS AND FILAMENTS Filed March 25, 1959 TIRE CORDCOMPRISING CELLULOSIC YARNS HAVING TRICRESYL PHOSPHATE INCORPORATEDTHEREIN INVENTORS CAM I LLE DR EYFUS RGE 5CHNEI ER j ATTORNEYS PatentedMay 28, 1940 2,201,992

I TREATMENT OF TEXTILE YARNS AND AMENTS Camille Dreyfus, New York, N.Y., and George Schneider, Montclair, N. 3., assignors to CelaneseCorporation of America, a corporation of Delaware ApplicationMarch 25,1939, Serial No. 264,120

18 Claims. (Cl. 57-140) This invention relates to the treatment of tex-.tlle yarns, filaments and the like made of cellulosic materials,particularly those made of or containing regenerated cellulose orcotton, in order edied. We have found that if yarns or filaments made ofor containing regenerated cellulose or cotton. are treated withlubricant compositions containing tricresyl phosphate and the tricresylI e to improve their properties, phosphate retained throughout the cordand tire An object of this invention is the treatment of formingoperations, a much improved product is cellulosic yarns or filaments inorder to improve obtained. Not only is the cord formation fatheirwearing qualities. cilitated but the resultant tire has an improvedAnother object of this invention is'the treatliveliness which isretained under working conment of yarns or filaments made of orcontaining ditions. This of course results in a much longer 10regenerated cellulose or cotton so as to render life for the tire. themmore suitable for use in the manufacture of We have found that thetricresyl phosphate tir cord present in cellulosic filaments or threadswhich a A further object of this invention is the imare used in themanufacture of tire cords has provement of the resistance to fatigue ofyarns or an unexpectedly beneficial effect on the tire filaments made ofor containing regenerated celcords. Not only is the formation of thetire cord lulose or cotton used in themanufacture of tire itselffacilitated by the presence of the tricresyl cords by treating suchyarns or filaments with phosphate but the tires made with such tirecords tricresyl phosphate. Other objects and advanretain theirliveliness for a long period of time,

go tages of the invention will appear from the folthereby increasing thelife of the tire. The trilowing detailed description and the claims.cresyl phosphate may be used alone or it may The drawing represents atire cord comprising be admixed in various proportions with otherincellulosic yarns having tricresyl phosphate in-- gredients such asmineral oils, sulphonated vegecorporated therein, table oils, animaloils, soaps and the like before We have found that the treatment ofcellulosic being applied to the cellulosic filaments or 25 yarns orfilaments with tricresyl phosphate, with threads. The tricresylphosphate, where'desired, or without other lubricants, and the retentionof can be mixed with diluents. The diluents and said materials in theyarns or filaments has an other ingredients should be such as will haveno unexpectedly beneficial effect on the yarns. This deleterious effecton the rubber even at the temis particularly true where .said yarns aremade of peratures used in the vulcanization. 30 or contain regeneratedcellulose or cotton and are 7 The tricresyl phosphate composition may beused in the manufacture of cords for automobile applied to theregenerated cellulose or cotton tires, for we have found that yarns thustreated yarns before, during or after any textile operation have agreatly improved resistance to fatigue. to which they are subjected.Thus the composi- ,,35 Various types of yarns and threads have been tionmay be applied to the yarns or filaments 5 used for the manufacture oftire cords with varyduring any winding or twisting operation by passingdegrees of success. However, even where ing the same in contact with awick, roller, disc yarns having -a high tenacity were employed it orother furnishing device that dips into the comwas found that the tirecords made with such position. The yarns or filaments may be drawn oyarns did not have the strength and/or flexibility through a solution oremulsion of the tricresyl 40 expected and desired. These cords werefound to phosphate or the solution or emulsion may be lose theirliveliness a very short time after the sprayed upon the yarn. Thetricresyl phosphate tires in which they were incorporated were submayalso be applied to the yarns or filaments in jected to actual use. hankform by hand dipping methods, orthe yarns As a result of considerableexperimentation we may be lubricated by padding or spraying after 45have discovered that this loss of 1iveliness" is they have been formedinto a cord. due to the fact that the yarns dur n the 00rd The amount oftricresyl phosphate applied will formation and the embedding of the samein the vary with the type of yarn and especially with the rubber aresubjected to considerable strains. type of cord into which it is to beconverted.

This causes the yarns to become fatigued or Thus heavy duty cords suchas are used in the 50 weakened. It is this fatiguing of the individualmanufacture of truck tires will require a higher yarns, we have found,which causes the tire to proportion of tricresyl phopshate than willcords have a comparatively short life. which are to be used in a tirefor a passenger au- We have now found that this serious defect intomobile; We have found that excellent results so tire cords can beeasily and economically remare obtained where 0.5 to 5.0% of tricresylphosphate or mixtures of same with oils or diluents based on the weightof the yarn is applied to and/or retained by the yarn.

While we have described our invention ,with reference to the yarns ofregenerated cellulose generally and cotton, we have obtained the bestresults with regenerated cellulose yams-which have been obtained bystretching cellulose acetate yarns up to .200 to 500% and subsequentlysubstantially completely saponifying the stretched yarn. We have foundthat such yarns have a much higher tenacity than ordinary regeneratedcellulose yarns. Yarns of cellulose esters other than cellulose acetategave similar results. Where desired the stretched yarn can be shrunkbetween the stretching and saponifying operations, this modificationresulting in a slightly improved yarn.

The following are examples of applications of the invention, it beingunderstood that these are given by way of illustration only.

Example I Travelling yarns of regenerated cellulose of about 270 denierobtained by the saponification of a cellulose acetate yarn whosefilaments had been stretched about 200%, having a twist of about 5 turnsper inch, are contacted with a wick which dips into a bath of tricresylphosphate. The wick is adjusted so that 0.75 to 2% of the tricresylphosphate, on the basis of the weight of the yarn, is retained by thetravelling yarn. The yarn is found to be uniformly and evenlyimpregnated with the tricresyl phosphate.

Yarns thus treated are plyed by twisting four ends together 14 turns perinch, left. Three plys thus formed are then twisted about 12 turns perinch, right, in order to obtain a cable suitable for cords in tiremanufacture. The travelling yarn after it receives the tricresylphosphate may pass directly to the plying and cabling machines.

Example II Yarns such as described'in Example I are subjected to thesame treatments and operations except that the composition appliedcomprises a 50% solution of tricresyl phosphate in a light mineral oil.

Example III Yarns such as described in Example I are subjected to thesame treatments and operations except that the composition employed hasthe following composition:

Parts by weight White mineral oil, 60 to '75 seconds viscosity 70.0

Oil-soluble sulphonated olive oil 5.0 Sperm oil 2.5 Tricresyl phosphate8.4 Oleic acid. 9.2 'Iriethanolamine 4.9

In all of the above cases it was found that the treated yarns whenincorporated in a tire showed markedly improved resistance to fatiguingwhen subjected to the mechanical flexing and loading tests as comparedwith similar yarns untreated. As previously pointed out, othercompositions can also be used as long as they contain tricresylphosphate and are compatible with rubber and do not have a deleteriouseffect thereon, even under vulcanizing conditions. Likewise other typesof yarns may be employed. The

term "yarns" as employed in the claims is to be considered as embracingfilaments.

It is to be understood that the foregoing detailed description is merelygiven by way of illustration and that many variations may be madetherein without departing from the spirit of our invention.

Having described our invention, what we desire to secure by LettersPatent is:

1. Process for the manufacture of tire cords which comprises applyingtricresyl phosphate to cellulosic yarns, twisting several ends of saidyarn together while they still retain the tricresyl phosphate and thentwisting a plurality of said twisted ends to form a cable.

2. Process for the manufacture of tire cords which comprises applying atricresyl phosphate composition to yarns of regenerated cellulose,twisting several ends of said yarn together while they still retain thetricresyl phosphate and then twisting a plurality of said twisted endsto form a cable.

3. Process for the manufacture of tire cords which comprises applying atricresyl phosphate composition to cotton yarns, twisting several endsof said yarn together while they still retain the tricresyl phosphateand then twisting a plurality of said twisted ends to form a cable.

4. Process for the manufacture of tire cords which comprises applying alubricant comprising tricresyl phosphate to high tenacity yarns ofregenerated cellulose, twisting several ends of said yarn together whilethey still retain the tricresyl phosphate and then twisting a pluralityof said twisted ends to form a cable.

5. Process for the manufacture of tire cords which comprises applyingtricresyl phosphate to high tenacity yarns of regenerated cellulose,twisting several ends of said yarn together while they still retain thetricresyl phosphate and then twisting a plurality of said twisted endsto form a cable.

6. Process for the manufacture of tire cords which comprises applying acomposition comprising tricresyl phosphate and a mineral oil tocellulosic yarns, twisting several ends of said yarn together while theystill retain the tricresyl phosphate and mineral oil and then twisting aplurality of said twisted ends to form a cable.

7. Process for the manufacture of tire cords which comprises applying alubricant comprising tricresyl phosphate and a mineral oil to hightenacity yarns of regenerated cellulose, twisting several ends of saidyarn together while they still retain the tricresyl phosphate andmineral oil and then twisting a pllurality of said twisted ends to forma cable.

8. Process for the manufacture of tire cords which comprises applying0.5 to 5.0%, based on the weight of the yarn, of tricresyl phosphate tocellulosic yarns, twisting several ends of said yarn together while theystill retain the tricresyl phosphate and then twisting a plurality ofsaid twisted ends to form a cable.

9. Process for the manufacture of tire cords which comprises applying0.75 to 2.0%, based on the weight of the yarn, of tricresyl phosphate tocellulosic yarns, twisting several ends of said yarn together while theystill retain the tricresyl phosphate and then twisting a plurality ofsaid twisted ends to form a cable.

10. Process for the manufacture of tire cords which comprises applying0.75 to 2.0%, based on the weight of the yarn, of tricresyl phosphate tohigh tenacity yarns of regenerated cellulose,

twisting several ends of said yarn together while they still retain thetricresyl phosphate and then twisting a plurality of said twisted endsto form a cable.

11. Tire cords of improved strength and increased resistance to fatigue,comprising cellulosic yarns having tricresyl phosphate incorporatedtherein.

12. Tire cords of improved strength and increased resistance to fatigue,comprising regenerated cellulose yarns having tricresyl phosphateincorporated therein.

13. Tire cords of improved strength and increased resistance to fatigue,comprising cotton yarns having trieresyl phosphate incorporated therein.

14. Tire cords of improved strength and increased resistance to fatigue,comprising high tenacity yams of regenerated cellulose, said recreasedresistance to fatigue, comprising high tenacity yarns of regeneratedcellulose, said regenerated pellulose yarns having a lubricantcomprising tricresyl phosphate and mineral oil incorporated therein.

16. Tire cords of improved strength and increased resistance to fatigue,comprising cellulosic yarns having 0.5 to 5.0%, based on the weight ofthe yarn, of tricresyl phosphate incorporated therein.

- 17. Tire cords of improved strength and increased resistance tofatigue, comprising celluiosic yarns having 0.5 to 5.0%, based on theweight of the yarn, of tricresyi phosphate and mineral oil incorporatedtherein.

18. Tire cords of improved strength and increased resistance to fatigue,comprising high tenacity yarns of regenerated cellulose, saidregenerated cellulose yarns having incorporated therein 0.75 to 2.0% oftricresyl phosphate, based on the weight of the yarn.

CAMILLE DREYFUS. GEORGE SCHNEIDER.

